Common Disease of Farm Animals

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The common disease of farm animals include the following

Cattle

  1. Foot and mouth disease
  2. Rinder pest
  3. Anthrax
  4. Brucellosis or contagious bovine abortion
  5. Mastitis
  6. Tuberculosis
  7. Trypanosomiasis
  8. Heart water disease
  9. Babesiosis or Tick-borne fever
  10. Kirchi (Cowpox or streptothricosis)

Sheep and Goats

  1. Blue tongue
  2. Kata (stomatitis or pseudorinderpest)
  3. Contagious ethyma or dermatitis
  4. Foot rot

Pigs (swine)

  1. Swine fever
  2. Swine erysipelas (Diamond skin disease)
  3. Contagious abortion of swine
  4. Transmissible gastoententis (TGE)
  5. Roundworm infection (Nemathelminthes)

Rabbits

  1. Sore hock
  2. Mange
  3. Bloat
  4. Coccidiosis

Poultry

  1. New castle disease
  2. Fowl pox
  3. Fowl typhoid
  4. Coccidiosis
  5. Chronic respiratory disease (CRD)

Table showing common disease of farm animal

Name of disease Causal organism (agent) Animal affected Symptoms Mode of transmission Body area affected Effects Treatments Prevention on and control measures
Foot and mouth Virus Cattle i.   High fever

ii.   Loss of appetite

iii.   Blisters or sores on the muzzle (lips), tongue, cheek, udder and feet

iv.   Weakness and lameness

v.   Excessive salivation and foaming

 By contact with infected animals, contaminated feed. Legs Serious loss of animals (death) No effective treatment  i.      Vaccination to prevent the disease

ii.      Isolation of diseased animals

iii.      Slaughter and bury infected animals
Rinderpest or cattle plague Virus Cattle can also affect sheep, goat and pigs    i.   High fever (rise in temperature

ii.   Loss of appetite

iii.   Blood stained diarrhea

iv.   Difficulty in breathing

v.   Grinding

    i.   Eating contaminated food.

ii.   Contact with infected animals

 Entire body High rate of animals No treatment  i.   Vaccination to prevent the disease

ii.   Isolation of infected animals

iii.   Quarantine

iv.   Kill and bury diseased animals

 

Name of disease Causal organism (agent) Animal affected Symptoms Mode of transmission Body area affected Effects Treatments Prevention on and control measures
Anthrax Bacteria Ruminants (cattle, sheep and goat) i.      High fever

ii.      Convulsion

iii.      Increased breathing rate

iv.      Black or blood stained discharge from mouth, eyes, nostrils etc.

v.      Sudden death

vi.      Welling out of neck, abdomen after death

 Contact with infected animals and their products Whole body Sudden death of animals (sometimes without symptoms If symptoms are noticed early, treat with antibiotics. i.   Vaccination

ii.      Isolation and slaughter of diseased animals should be burnt and buried.

 
Brucellosis (contagious bovide abortion Bacteria Cattle pigs    i.    Inflammation of uterus and mammary glands

ii.   Abortion or pregnancy at 5th – 7th month as still birth

iii.   Retention of after birth

 i.      Direct contact with:

–   Infected after birth

–   Foetal fluid or aborted fetuses

–   Coition with infected bull.

–   Contaminated feed or pasture

 Foetus (pregnancy) i.   Loss of foetus

ii.   Low rate of production

iii.   It is zoonotic (i.e. it can affect human beings).

 No effective treatment  i.   Vaccination

ii.   Report any occurrent to veterinary doctor
Trypano somiasis (nagana) Protozoa (trypanosoms) Cattle i.       Severe anaemia

ii.    Intermittent fever

iii.    General weakness

iv.    Hairs on tail often pull-out

v.    Staggering

vi.    Death

 By tse-tse fly The brain i.   Drop in the level of production

ii.   Death of animals

 Use drugs such as Babesin, Bayer 2005 etc.  i.      Use insecticide to kill vectors (tse-tse fly)

ii.   Good sanitation such as cleaning and burning of bush.
Bloat Nutritional disorder Ruminants (cattle, goat, sheep and rabbit)    i.    Diarrhea

ii.      Prof use salivation

iii.      Swollen stomach

iv.       Vomiting

v.      Difficulty in breath

vi.       Death

 Feeding on immature pasture Stomach Swollen stomach and digestive tract i.    Use defoaming agents such as groundnut

ii.   Pass a large tube into stomach to remove obstacle causing obstruct

  i.      Do not graze animals on immature pasture

ii.      Feed high protein supplements or feeds.

 

Name of disease Causal organism (agent) Animal affected Symptoms Mode of transmission Body area affected Effects Treatments Prevention on and control measures
Mastitis Bacteria Ruminants may affect pigs i.            Swollen under

ii.      High temperature

iii.      Discharge of pus from the udder

iv.      Yellowish smelling milk

 Through injury especially on the teat Udder Drop in milk yield Injection of antibiotics

Massaging the mammary gland after injection

  i.       Good sanitation

ii.      Clean milking practice to avoided injury

iii.      Keeping the udder dry

 
Krchi (cowpox or streptothricosis Bacteria Ruminatns and igs i.      High lesion

ii.   Irritation

iii.   Loss of hair

iv.    Swollen udder

 –   Direct contact with infected animals Skin i.         Poor production of hair and milk Treatment of wounds with tetracy cline capsules i.       Regular bathing

ii.   Disinfect and feeding and milking equipment

iii.   Vaccination on slaughter and bury infected animals
Swine fever Virus Pigs i.      High temperature

ii.    Lost of appetite

iii.    Diarrohoea

iv.    Bluish discoloration at the ears, legs and snouth

 Contact with infected pig Whole body Death of animals No successful treatment, no available vaccine
New castle disease (fowl plague) Virus Poulty    i.   Sudden death without symptoms

ii.   Breathing difficulty

iii.   Loss of weight

iv.   Watery greenish diarrhea

v.   Diarrhea

vi.   Circling movement

 i.           Air borne spread

ii.   Contaminated vaccine and equipement

iii.    Infected birds

  i.       Nervous system

ii.       Respiratory tract

 Loss of poultry birds No effective treatment i.       Quarantine

ii.      Vaccination

iii.      Sanitation

 

 

Name of disease Causal organism (agent) Animal affected Symptoms Mode of transmission Body area affected Effects Treatments Prevention on and control measures
Fowl pox Virus Poultry i.   Blisters on comble, wattle and feed

ii.      Loss of weight

iii.      Reduced egg production

 Bitting insects Comb Light weight poultry birds

Low e.g. production

 Use of antibiotics  i.       Vaccination on and sanitation

ii.      Culling of diseased birds

 
Coccidiosis Protozoa Poultry, rabbits  i.       Blood stained dropping or feaces

ii.       Loss of weight

iii.       Diarrhoea

iv.       Ruffle feathers

 Feeding of infected feed, water and infected feaces Digest ice tract i.        Reduced egg production

ii.   Death of animal

 Use of sulphur drugs i.    Good sanitation

ii.   Use of coccidiotic tablets

iii.   Disinfect poultry houses before stocking
Chronic respiratory disorder (CRD) Myuco plasma (virus like microbe) Poultry

 

      i.   Nasal discharge

ii.    Swollen face

iii.    Breathing difficultry

iv.    Loss of weight

 Breathing in of virus from contaminated feed, water or urine and Air sac i.   Loss of birds Use of antibiotics i.        Sanitation

ii.      Good ventilation

iii.      Avoid use of dust litter
Mange Lice Rabbit Loss o hair i.       Skin Dusting with chemical i.       Dust with powder

ii.      Good sanitation

 

See also:

DISEASES OF FARM ANIMALS

FACTORS TO CONSIDER BEFORE DESIDING ANIMAL FEED

CLASSIFICATION OF FEED

FEED OF FARM ANIMALS

FARM STRUCTURES | MEANING. TYPES, MAINTENANCE & FARM SHELTER

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