Definition of Integer An integer is any positive or negative whole number Example: Simplify the following (+8) + (+3) (ii) (+9) – (+4) Solution (+8) + (+3) = +11 (ii) (+9) – (+4) = 9-4 = +5 or 5 Evaluation Simplify the following (+12) (+7) (ii) 7-(-3)-(-2) Indices The plural of index […]
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HOUSEHOLD ARITHMETIC (SIMPLE INTEREST, PROFIT AND LOSS, DISCOUNT AND COMMISSION) PROFIT AND LOSS When a trader buys or sells goods, the price at which he /she sells is called selling price while the price at which he/she buys is called cost price. When the good is sold at a price greater than the cost price,
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APLLICATION OF BINARY NUMBERS Bunch Cards: it is used in business farms, examining from boards and other organization as a solution for sorting information. Example: suppose that a failure in a subject is represented by the digit zero. Then for any 5 subjects English, Mathematics, French, Agric and C.R.K. The number 10110 represent a pass
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The perimeter of a plane shape is the length of its outside boundary or the distance around its edges. Irregular shape An irregular shape does not have a definite shape. To determine the perimeter of such shape, string or thread can be used to measure it. Place the string around the edge, then straighten it
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MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION OF DIRECTED NUMBERS Revision on addition and subtraction of directed numbers Note that: (a). + + = + OR – – = + (Replacing the same signs that apprear together by a positive sign (b). + – = – OR – + = – (Replacing two different signs that appear together by
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WHOLE NUMBER AND DECIMALS NUMBERS See also SIMPLE EQUATIONS INVOLVING FRACTIONS MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY Data Presentation CHANGE OF SUBJECT OF A FORMULA WORD PROBLEMS
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BINARY NUMBERS See also SIMPLE EQUATION AND VARIATION SQUARES OR POWERS OF NUMBERS LOGARITHMS OF WHOLE NUMBERS INDICES STANDARD FORM AND APPROXIMATION
Meaning of interest: interest means the extra money that you [ay back when ypu borrow money that you receive when you invest money. EXAMPLE 1 find the simple interest on $1,000 for 5 years at 3% per annum. SOLUTION Principal = $1,000 (the amount borrowed Time = 5 years (the period for which the money
ALGERAIC FRACTIONS To add or subtract fractions with different denominators, first change them to equivalent fractions. This is done by finding the L C M of the denominators Example1: Simplify 2a/5 + 4a/3 Solution: The L C M is 15 6a + 20a/ 15 = 26a/15 Example 2: Simplify 3/5x + 1/2x – 1/4x Solution:
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OPERATIONS ON FRACTIONS See also FRACTIONS FRACTIONS WHOLE NUMBERS ALGERAIC FRACTIONS ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION
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SIMPLE EQUATIONS INVOLVING FRACTIONS See also MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY Data Presentation CHANGE OF SUBJECT OF A FORMULA WORD PROBLEMS ALGEBRAIC PROCESSES
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ESTIMATION Estimation may be explained as a rough or sensible guess fo a value or calculation. Although, the estimated value is not correct, it gives us an idea of what the correct answer should be. The common units of length are kilometer (km), meters (m), centimeters (cm), millimeters (mm).Mass = (Tonne, kilogram (kg) gramme (g).
WORD PROBLEMS See also ALGEBRAIC PROCESSES APLLICATION OF BINARY NUMBERS BINARY NUMBERS SIMPLE EQUATION AND VARIATION SQUARES OR POWERS OF NUMBERS
Example 1 A man bought a leather bag for N350.00 and sold it for N360.00 will he have more money or less money with him? Solution Selling price = N460.oo Cost price = – N350.00 Profit (gain) = N110.00 Note: profit or gain = selling price – cost price Example 2 If a
Profit or loss percent is expressed as a percentage of the cost price EXAMPLE 1 An article bought for $3,000 was sold for $3,300. Find the profit percent Solution Cost price = $3,000 Selling price = $3,300 Profit = $3300 – $3,000 = $300 Profit % = Profit x 100 Cost price 1
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ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF DIRECTED NUMBERS Directed numbers are the positive and negative numbers in any given number line e.g -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 The (+) and (-) signs show the direction from the origin (o). To add a positive number move to the
Volume of cylinder = πr2h = π x r x r x h EXAMPLE Find the volume of a cylinder of radius 3 ½ cm and height 12cm Solution Volume = π x r x r x h =22 x 7 x 7 x 12cm 7 x 2 x 2 x 1 = 22
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Example 1: Find the least common multiples of 2 and 3 The multiples of 2 are: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24 The multiples of 3 are: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, and 36 Thus the common multiples of 2 and three
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Rounding off decimals to the nearest whole number Rules for rounding off decimals to the nearest whole number When the rounding off decimals to the nearest whole number, look at the digit in the tenths place. If this digit is 5 or greater than 5, replace the digits after the decimal point by zero and